Indonesia is a dynamic country with a diverse population, sprawling landscapes, and a rich cultural heritage. But when it comes to the question of whether Indonesia is a rich or poor country, the answer is not so straightforward.

According to the World Bank, Indonesia is classified as an upper-middle-income country. This means that while the country has made significant progress in reducing poverty and improving living standards, there are still disparities in income distribution and access to basic services.

Today, Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country and one of the largest economies in Southeast Asia. The country has a diverse economy, with key industries including agriculture, manufacturing, and services. In recent years, Indonesia has also seen growth in sectors such as tourism, technology, and creative industries.

However, despite its economic progress, Indonesia still faces challenges in achieving inclusive and sustainable development. Poverty remains a significant issue, with around 9% of the population living below the national poverty line. In addition, income inequality is a growing concern, with the wealthiest 10% of the population holding more than 30% of the country's income.

The COVID-19 pandemic has further exposed the vulnerabilities in Indonesia's economy and society. The country has faced significant disruptions to its supply chains, tourism industry, and remittance inflows. As a result, the World Bank expects Indonesia's economy to contract by 2.1% in 2020, marking its first recession since the Asian financial crisis in 1998.

Despite these challenges, Indonesia has shown resilience and adaptability in the face of adversity. The government has implemented various stimulus packages and social assistance programs to support the most vulnerable groups and stimulate economic recovery. In addition, Indonesia's young and dynamic population, as well as its growing digital economy, offer opportunities for future growth and development.

In conclusion, Indonesia is a country of contrasts, with a mix of wealth and poverty, progress and challenges. While the country has made significant strides in reducing poverty and improving living standards, there is still work to be done to ensure inclusive and sustainable development for all Indonesians.