What is the old name of China?

In ancient times, China was known by various names. One of the oldest names for China is "Zhōngguó", which means "Middle Kingdom" or "Middle Empire" in Chinese. This name reflects the belief that China was at the center of the world, surrounded by other nations. Another old name for China is "Cathay", which was used by European explorers like Marco Polo.

Marco Polo, the famous explorer, referred to China as "Cathay" in his travel accounts. The name "Cathay" is believed to have originated from the Khitan people, who ruled over northern China in the 10th century. Over time, the name became associated with China as a whole, especially in European literature and maps.

In addition to "Zhōngguó" and "Cathay", China was also known by other names in different historical periods. For example, during the Zhou dynasty, China was known as "Zhōnghuá", which means "Central Flourishing" in Chinese. This name emphasized the central role of China in the region and its prosperity.

Overall, the old names of China reflect the country's long history and its perceived significance in the world. Whether it is "Zhōngguó", "Cathay", or "Zhōnghuá", these names capture different aspects of China's identity and legacy.